Triton Beam Project: Difference between revisions

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(Added all the information about the interlock system.)
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The Triton Beam Project is aiming to establish a triton-beam capability for the FSU accelerator.  
The Triton Beam Project is aiming to establish a triton-beam capability for the FSU accelerator.  
Its main components are a dedicated injector with a Multi-cathode SNICS source, which will provide  
Its main components are a dedicated injector with a Multi-Cathode Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering (Multi-SNICS), which will provide  
triton-beams from tritium-loaded titanium cathodes.  
triton beams from tritium-loaded titanium cathodes.


Main components of the Tritium-beam project:  
Main components of the Multi-SNICS triton injector:  
[[Triton Injector]]
[[Triton Injector]]


= Interlock =
{|
|
==Overview==
The Multi-SNICS has several very high voltage power supplies, a high vacuum chamber, several types of pumps, and is designed
to work with tritium embedded cathodes. Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that poses a significant health risk if
ingested, inhaled, or absorbed into the body. To operate the Multi-SNICS safely, a comprehensive safety plan is required. Part
of the plan is an Interlock System that acts as a fail-safe mechanism, actively monitoring key parameters such as closure of
the cage doors surrounding the source, leaking tritium detection, vacuum pressure, building power, coolant flow, and smoke
detection. In the event of deviations from safe operating conditions, the Interlock System initiates automatic shutdown
procedures, preventing potential harm to personnel, the environment, and the equipment itself.
||||[[File:Multi-SNICS Interlock User Manual.pdf|thumb|right|200px|Interlock User Manual]]
|}
==Equipment==
The Interlock System is based on a P1AM ProductivityOpen PLC controller. It has industrial grade ratings to endure harsh environments. There are a lot of options for modules that snap together and communicate on a Modbus. The expandability of this platform makes it a good choice for this application because it can evolve to meet new needs in the future. A raspberry pi 4B is connected to the Arduino, provides a programming interface, read-out of the serial port (USB), and pipe the reading to the database in fsunuc.physics.fsu.edu.
{|
|
===ProductivityOpen Controller===
The Interlock System uses the following P1AM series modules:
:• P1AM-100 – Main CPU
:• P1-01DC – Modbus Power Supply
:• P1AM-ETH – Ethernet Shield
:• P1AM-GPIO – General Purpose Input/Output Shield
:• P1-16ND3 – 16 Discrete Inputs
:• P1-08TRS (2x) – 8 Relay Outputs
:• P1-04ADL-2 – 4 Analog Inputs
===Main Power Supply===
There is a Mean Well USA Inc AC/DC converter that converts
120 VAC to 24 VDC and is used to power everything in the
rack-mounted enclosure.
||||
:::[[File:Interlock Rack-Mounted Enclosure.jpg|thumb|350px|right|alt=Interlock Rack-Mounted Enclosure|Interlock Rack-Mounted Enclosure]]
|}
===Fiber Optic Isolation===
The ion source has two high-voltage regions that must be electrically isolated to prevent
a short circuit. The regions are each referred to as the high and mid-potential regions
respective of their relative voltage potential. Each region has a fiber optic link to relay
contact closures or analog signals between the Interlock System and the sensors and
control devices.
: <b>Interlock System Enclosure (Ground Potential):</b>
::• 2x Bidirectional contact closure fiber transceivers
::• Analog voltage signal fiber receiver
: <b>Mid-potential Area:</b>
::• Bidirectional contact closure fiber transceiver
::• Analog voltage signal fiber transmitter
: <b>High-potential Area:</b>
::• Bidirectional contact closure fiber transceiver
===LCD Screen===
The screen is a commonly used 1602 LCD module with a built in HD44780 controller. It
can display 2 lines of up to 16 characters. It receives display commands from the P1AM-
GPIO shield.
===Sensors===
:• Cage door contacts
:• Fume hood flow switch


= Interlock =
:• Vacuum gauge threshold relays
 
:• Vacuum gauge analog output
 
:• Tritium detector threshold relay
 
:• Tritium detector analog output
 
:• Building power monitor relay
 
:• Coolant flow switches


A PA1M with Arduino MKX 1000 is used to read out and voltage output various devices. The Arduino will output the status, tritium radioactivity in mCi, vacuum in Torr, and the subpump current in amp through the serial port (USB).
:• Smoke detector


A raspberry pi 4B is connected to the Arduino, provides a programming interface, read-out of the serial port (USB), and pipe the reading to the database in fsunuc.physics.fsu.edu.
:• Titanium sublimation pump analog output


Instead of hosting a web server for displaying the status, A C++ SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer) framework is used. The advantage is the small memory usage.
==Firmware==
The P1AM-100 controller uses Arduino IDE or ProductivityBlocks for programming. For this project, the firmware was written in C++.


The source code is here https://fsunuc.physics.fsu.edu/git/jgibbons3/Multi-SNICS_Interlock.git
The source code is here https://fsunuc.physics.fsu.edu/git/jgibbons3/Multi-SNICS_Interlock.git
==Trouble Modes==
Each of the sensors monitored by the interlock system are mapped to an appropriate response state to shutdown or lock out the Multi-SNICS injector and its power supplies in the event of an irregularity or trouble.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Trouble Mode Matrix
|-
!  !! Cage Door Trip !! Vacuum Trip !! Source Trip
|-
| Input Conditions || Cage Door Contact || Vacuum Condition (Gnd)<br>Vacuum Condition (Mid) || Emergency Source Trip Switch<br>Fume Hood Flow Switch<br>Tritium Monitor Relay<br>Building Power Failure Relay<br>Smoke Detector
|-
| Output Relays || Pre-accelerator Supply Off<br>Other High-Power Supplies Off || Pre-accelerator Supply Off<br>Other High-Power Supplies Off<br>Both Gate Valves Closed<br>Ionizer Off || Pre-accelerator Supply Off<br>Other High-Power Supplies Off<br>Both Gate Valves Closed<br>Ionizer Off<br>Boiler Off
|}


= Contact =
= Contact =
* Ingo Wiedenhoever mailto:iwiedenhoever@fsu.edu
{|
* <span style="color:red">others??</span>
|Primary Contact: ||||Ingo Wiedenhoever mailto:iwiedenhoever@fsu.edu
|-
|-
|Interlock: ||||Jonah Gibbons mailto:jgibbons3@fsu.edu<br>Ryan Tang mailto:rtang@fsu.edu
|-
|}

Revision as of 15:58, 15 January 2024

The Triton Beam Project is aiming to establish a triton-beam capability for the FSU accelerator. Its main components are a dedicated injector with a Multi-Cathode Source of Negative Ions by Cesium Sputtering (Multi-SNICS), which will provide triton beams from tritium-loaded titanium cathodes.

Main components of the Multi-SNICS triton injector: Triton Injector

Interlock

Overview

The Multi-SNICS has several very high voltage power supplies, a high vacuum chamber, several types of pumps, and is designed

to work with tritium embedded cathodes. Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen that poses a significant health risk if

ingested, inhaled, or absorbed into the body. To operate the Multi-SNICS safely, a comprehensive safety plan is required. Part

of the plan is an Interlock System that acts as a fail-safe mechanism, actively monitoring key parameters such as closure of

the cage doors surrounding the source, leaking tritium detection, vacuum pressure, building power, coolant flow, and smoke

detection. In the event of deviations from safe operating conditions, the Interlock System initiates automatic shutdown

procedures, preventing potential harm to personnel, the environment, and the equipment itself.

Interlock User Manual

Equipment

The Interlock System is based on a P1AM ProductivityOpen PLC controller. It has industrial grade ratings to endure harsh environments. There are a lot of options for modules that snap together and communicate on a Modbus. The expandability of this platform makes it a good choice for this application because it can evolve to meet new needs in the future. A raspberry pi 4B is connected to the Arduino, provides a programming interface, read-out of the serial port (USB), and pipe the reading to the database in fsunuc.physics.fsu.edu.

ProductivityOpen Controller

The Interlock System uses the following P1AM series modules:

• P1AM-100 – Main CPU
• P1-01DC – Modbus Power Supply
• P1AM-ETH – Ethernet Shield
• P1AM-GPIO – General Purpose Input/Output Shield
• P1-16ND3 – 16 Discrete Inputs
• P1-08TRS (2x) – 8 Relay Outputs
• P1-04ADL-2 – 4 Analog Inputs

Main Power Supply

There is a Mean Well USA Inc AC/DC converter that converts

120 VAC to 24 VDC and is used to power everything in the

rack-mounted enclosure.

Interlock Rack-Mounted Enclosure
Interlock Rack-Mounted Enclosure


Fiber Optic Isolation

The ion source has two high-voltage regions that must be electrically isolated to prevent a short circuit. The regions are each referred to as the high and mid-potential regions respective of their relative voltage potential. Each region has a fiber optic link to relay contact closures or analog signals between the Interlock System and the sensors and control devices.

Interlock System Enclosure (Ground Potential):
• 2x Bidirectional contact closure fiber transceivers
• Analog voltage signal fiber receiver
Mid-potential Area:
• Bidirectional contact closure fiber transceiver
• Analog voltage signal fiber transmitter
High-potential Area:
• Bidirectional contact closure fiber transceiver

LCD Screen

The screen is a commonly used 1602 LCD module with a built in HD44780 controller. It can display 2 lines of up to 16 characters. It receives display commands from the P1AM- GPIO shield.

Sensors

• Cage door contacts
• Fume hood flow switch
• Vacuum gauge threshold relays
• Vacuum gauge analog output
• Tritium detector threshold relay
• Tritium detector analog output
• Building power monitor relay
• Coolant flow switches
• Smoke detector
• Titanium sublimation pump analog output

Firmware

The P1AM-100 controller uses Arduino IDE or ProductivityBlocks for programming. For this project, the firmware was written in C++.

The source code is here https://fsunuc.physics.fsu.edu/git/jgibbons3/Multi-SNICS_Interlock.git

Trouble Modes

Each of the sensors monitored by the interlock system are mapped to an appropriate response state to shutdown or lock out the Multi-SNICS injector and its power supplies in the event of an irregularity or trouble.

Trouble Mode Matrix
Cage Door Trip Vacuum Trip Source Trip
Input Conditions Cage Door Contact Vacuum Condition (Gnd)
Vacuum Condition (Mid)		 Emergency Source Trip Switch
Fume Hood Flow Switch
Tritium Monitor Relay
Building Power Failure Relay
Smoke Detector
Output Relays Pre-accelerator Supply Off
Other High-Power Supplies Off		 Pre-accelerator Supply Off
Other High-Power Supplies Off
Both Gate Valves Closed
Ionizer Off		 Pre-accelerator Supply Off
Other High-Power Supplies Off
Both Gate Valves Closed
Ionizer Off
Boiler Off

Contact

Primary Contact: Ingo Wiedenhoever mailto:iwiedenhoever@fsu.edu
Interlock: Jonah Gibbons mailto:jgibbons3@fsu.edu
Ryan Tang mailto:rtang@fsu.edu
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